Permits

USDA

VS Permit: Veterinary Services requires permits for the importation of certain animals and animal products. In addition, a permit is required for the importation and interstate movement of bacteria, viruses, and prion agents that are disease agents of animals and poultry.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/permits/

Veterinary Biological Product Permit: The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Veterinary Biologics requires a permit for each shipment of veterinary biological products to be imported, and for each transit shipment of biological products moved through the United States. Each person making application to import veterinary biologics shall reside and/or operate a business establishment in the United States or both.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/permits/vet_bio_permits.shtml

Biotechnology Permit (BRS): BRS requires a permit or notification for the importation, interstate movement, or release of genetically engineered organisms considered to be regulated articles.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/biotechnology/submissions.shtml

Plant Health Permit (PPQ): Plant Protection and Quarantine requires permits for importation into and transit though the United States of plants and plant products; and the importation into, transit through, and interstate movement within the United States of plant pests (plant feeding insects, mites, snails, slugs, and plant pathogens), biological control organisms of plant pests and weeds, parasitic plants and Federally listed noxious weeds under regulatory authorities.
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/plant_health/permits/index.shtml

Agricultural Select Agent Program: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/programs/ag_selectagent/

CDC

Select Agent Program: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regulates the possession, use, and transfer of select agents and toxins that have the potential to pose a severe threat to public health and safety. The CDC Select Agent Program oversees these activities and registers all laboratories and other entities in the United States of America that possess, use, or transfer a select agent or toxin.  http://www.cdc.gov/od/sap/faq.htm

Etiologic Agent Import: Importation permits are issued only to the importer, who must be located in the United States. The importation permit, with the proper packaging and labeling, will expedite clearance of the package of infectious materials through the United States Public Health Service Division of Quarantine and release by U.S. Customs.  http://www.cdc.gov/od/eaipp/

Department of Commerce

Export Administration: The export of a wide variety of etiologic agents of human, plant, and animal diseases may require a license from the Department of Commerce. http://www.access.gpo.gov/bis/ear/ear_data.html
http://www.bis.doc.gov/licensing/chem_bio_faqs03_07_02.html

Fish and Wildlife Service

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service permits are required for certain live animals, including bats. www.fws.gov/

EPA

The EPA may require an Experimental Use Permit before field testing naturally occurring or genetically engineered microorganisms.
http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/regtools/biotech-reg-prod.htm#I